| List of symbols | | xi | |
| | 1 | |
| | 2 | |
| | 4 | |
| 2 Some facts on mechanical vibrations |
| | 7 | |
| | 7 | |
| 2.2 Complex notation of harmonic vibrations |
| | 11 | |
| | 12 | |
| 2.4 Forced vibrations, impedance |
| | 13 | |
| | 14 | |
| 2.6 Free vibrations of a simple resonator |
| | 18 | |
| 2.7 Electromechanical analogies |
| | 19 | |
| | 22 | |
| | 23 | |
| 2.10 Transfer function and impulse response |
| | 29 | |
| 2.11 A note on non-linear systems |
| | 32 | |
| 3 Acoustic variables and basic relations |
| | 34 | |
| | 34 | |
| 3.2 Basic relations in acoustics |
| | 37 | |
| | 42 | |
| 3.4 Intensity and energy density of sound waves in fluids |
| | 44 | |
| 3.5 The sound pressure level |
| | 47 | |
| 4 Plane waves, attenuation |
| | 48 | |
| 4.1 Solution of the wave equation |
| | 48 | |
| | 51 | |
| 4.3 A few notes on sound velocity |
| | 54 | |
| | 55 | |
| | 65 | |
| 5 Spherical wave and sound radiation |
| | 69 | |
| 5.1 Solution of the wave equation |
| | 69 | |
| | 71 | |
| | 74 | |
| 5.4 Directional factor and radiation resistance |
| | 76 | |
| | 79 | |
| | 81 | |
| | 84 | |
| 5.8 Piston in a plane boundary |
| | 86 | |
| 6 Reflection and refraction |
| | 94 | |
| 6.1 Angles of reflection and refraction |
| | 94 | |
| 6.2 Sound propagation in the atmosphere |
| | 96 | |
| 6.3 Reflection factor and wall impedance |
| | 98 | |
| 6.4 Absorption coefficient |
| | 103 | |
| | 104 | |
| 6.6 Sound absorption by walls and linings |
| | 106 | |
| 7 Diffraction and scattering |
| | 118 | |
| 7.1 Exact formulation of diffraction problems |
| | 120 | |
| 7.2 Diffraction by a rigid sphere |
| | 121 | |
| 7.3 Sound transmission through apertures |
| | 124 | |
| | 132 | |
| 7.5 Multiple scattering, scattering from rough surfaces |
| | 134 | |
| 8 Sound transmission in pipes and horns |
| | 138 | |
| 8.1 Sound attenuation in pipes |
| | 138 | |
| 8.2 Basic relations for transmission lines |
| | 141 | |
| 8.3 Pipes with discontinuities in cross section |
| | 143 | |
| 8.4 Pipes with continuously changing cross section (horns) |
| | 150 | |
| 8.5 Higher order wave types |
| | 156 | |
| | 162 | |
| | 166 | |
| 9.1 Normal modes in a one-dimensional space |
| | 166 | |
| 9.2 Normal modes in a rectangular room with rigid walls |
| | 169 | |
| 9.3 Normal modes in cylindrical and spherical cavities |
| | 173 | |
| 9.4 Forced vibrations in a one-dimensional enclosure |
| | 174 | |
| 9.5 Forced vibrations in enclosures of any shape |
| | 178 | |
| | 182 | |
| 9.7 Statistical properties of the transfer function |
| | 185 | |
| 10 Sound waves in isotropic solids | | 189 | |
| 10.1 Sound waves in unbounded solids |
| | 189 | |
| 10.2 Reflection and refraction, Rayleigh wave |
| | 194 | |
| 10.3 Waves in plates and bars |
| | 197 | |
| 11 Music and speech | | 209 | |
| 11.1 Simple and complex tones, noise |
| | 209 | |
| 11.2 Pitch, intervals and scales |
| | 211 | |
| 11.3 General remark on the function of musical instruments |
| | 214 | |
| | 215 | |
| | 223 | |
| | 228 | |
| 12 Human hearing | | 233 | |
| 12.1 Anatomy and function of the ear |
| | 234 | |
| 12.2 Psychoacoustic pitch |
| | 239 | |
| 12.3 Hearing threshold and auditory sensation area |
| | 243 | |
| 12.4 Loudness level and loudness, critical frequency bands |
| | 244 | |
| | 248 | |
| 12.6 Measurement of loudness |
| | 249 | |
| | 252 | |
| 13 Room acoustics | | 257 | |
| 13.1 Geometric room acoustics 2S |
| | S8 | |
| 13.2 Impulse response of a room |
| | 261 | |
| | 264 | |
| 13.4 Steady-state energy density and reverberation |
| | 268 | |
| | 271 | |
| 13.6 On the 'acoustics' of auditoria |
| | 277 | |
| 13.7 Special rooms for acoustic measurements |
| | 280 | |
| 14 Building acoustics | | 283 | |
| 14.1 Characterisation and measurement of airborne sound insulation |
| | 284 | |
| 14.2 Airborne sound insulation of compound partitions |
| | 287 | |
| 14.3 Airborne sound insulation of single-leaf partitions |
| | 289 | |
| 14.4 Airborne sound insulation of double-leaf partitions |
| | 296 | |
| 14.5 Structure-borne sound insulation |
| | 301 | |
| 15 Fundamentals of noise control | | 309 | |
| | 310 | |
| 15.2 Basic mechanisms of noise generation |
| | 311 | |
| 15.3 Primary noise control |
| | 316 | |
| 15.4 Secondary noise control |
| | 320 | |
| 15.5 Personal hearing protection |
| | 331 | |
| 16 Underwater sound and ultrasound | | 333 | |
| 16.1 Acoustical detection and localisation of objects |
| | 333 | |
| 16.2 Sound propagation in sea water |
| | 335 | |
| | 337 | |
| 16.4 Ambient noise, reverberation |
| | 338 | |
| | 340 | |
| 16.6 General remarks on ultrasound |
| | 342 | |
| 16.7 Generation and detection of ultrasound |
| | 343 | |
| 16.8 Diagnostic applications of ultrasound |
| | 345 | |
| 16.9 Applications of high intensity ultrasound |
| | 349 | |
| 16.10 Generation of high and highest ultrasound frequencies |
| | 353 | |
| 17 Electroacoustic transducers | | 359 | |
| 17.1 Piezoelectric transducer |
| | 361 | |
| 17.2 Electrostatic transducer |
| | 365 | |
| | 368 | |
| | 371 | |
| 17.5 Magnetostrictive transducer |
| | 373 | |
| | 375 | |
| 17.7 Two-port equations and reciprocity relations |
| | 377 | |
| 18 Microphones | | 379 | |
| 18.1 Principles of microphones for airborne sound |
| | 379 | |
| 18.2 Condensor microphone |
| | 382 | |
| 18.3 Piezoelectric microphones |
| | 387 | |
| | 389 | |
| | 391 | |
| 18.6 Microphone directivity |
| | 392 | |
| | 396 | |
| | 396 | |
| 18.9 Microphone calibration |
| | 399 | |
| 19 Loudspeakers and other electroacoustic sound sources | | 403 | |
| | 405 | |
| 19.2 Electrostatic or condensor loudspeaker |
| | 408 | |
| 19.3 Magnetic loudspeaker |
| | 410 | |
| 19.4 Improvement of loudspeaker efficiency |
| | 411 | |
| 19.5 Loudspeaker directivity |
| | 417 | |
| | 419 | |
| 19.7 Sound transmitters for water-borne sound and for ultrasound |
| | 421 | |
| 20 Electroacoustic systems | | 426 | |
| | 427 | |
| | 433 | |
| 20.3 Sound reinforcement systems |
| | 443 | |
| Literature | | 451 | |
| Index | | 453 | |